EVALUATING SAFETY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS OF POPULAR DOSAGE REGIMEN OF AMIKACIN IN PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS

Younis Sadeq Smael; Suha Saeed Azeez

doi:10.46903/gjms/22.03.1688

EVALUATING SAFETY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS OF POPULAR DOSAGE REGIMEN OF AMIKACIN IN PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS

Younis Sadeq Smael, Suha Saeed Azeez

Abstract

Background: For all patients using aminoglycosides, a well-established concentration-effect relationship (toxicity) and medication monitoring is recommended. There are very few reports of therapeutic drug monitoring being used in conjunction with the twice-daily amikacin regimen, and it is not a common practice for medications with a narrow therapeutic drug index, such as amikacin. The current study aimed to determine whether patients using the standard weight-based regimen achieved therapeutic levels of amikacin, and to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the amikacin dosage regimen in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Materials & Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients of both sexes who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of UTI and treated with intravenous amikacin for at least seven days, either with or without additional antibiotics, were selected from the inpatient department of the Rizgary Teaching Hospital. A total of 210 participants were enrolled in this study by convenience sampling method.

Results: Of the participants, 42.9% were male. The mean daily Amikacin was 548.6±97.3 mg. Steady-state maximum (Cssmax) and minimum (Cssmin) concentrations were 27.6±4.6 mg/L and 4.4±1.6 mg/L, respectively.

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated clear associations between higher trough concentrations and increased risks of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, with CssMin ≥4 mg/L representing a critical toxicity threshold. In contrast, achieving higher peak levels (CssMax ≥30 mg/L) improved clinical cure rates.

Keywords

Amikacin; Pharmacokinetics; Safety; Urinary tract infections.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/22.03.1688