THE ROLE OF IL-1B, IL-10 AND IFNΑ IN ADULTS INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM VIVAX MALARIA IN DIYALA PROVINCE, IRAQ

Rabia Ali Aboud; Ruqaya K. Abbas; Hwaida Sh. Al-Mahdawy

doi:10.46903/gjms/23.4.2001

THE ROLE OF IL-1B, IL-10 AND IFNΑ IN ADULTS INFECTED WITH PLASMODIUM VIVAX MALARIA IN DIYALA PROVINCE, IRAQ

Rabia Ali Aboud, Ruqaya K. Abbas, Hwaida Sh. Al-Mahdawy

Abstract

Background: Plasmodium vivax malaria is a serious disease that affects all age groups and causes high mortality. This study aimed to investigate the immune response in adults infected with Plasmodium vivax malaria in Iraq.

Materials & Methods: This case control study was conducted in Khanaqin Hospital/ Diyala province during the period from December 2023 to May 2024. In this Study, (5) ml of whole blood was collected from (50) adult patients previously diagnosed with Plasmodium vivax malaria and from (50) healthy individuals as a control group.

Results: There was total 100 patients. Patient mean age (34.82 ± 1.55) was significantly lower than controls (39.98 ± 1.87; P=0.03). Levels of P. vivax IgG (14.31 ± 0.94 vs. 0.07 ± 0.01), IFN-α (96.41 ± 3.69 vs. 19.14 ± 1.009), IL-1β (13.98 ± 1.91 vs. 1.73 ± 0.33), and IL-10 (25.20 ± 1.19 vs. 4.94 ± 0.25) were all significantly higher in patients (all P ≤ 0.0001). IgG levels strongly correlated with IFN-α (r=0.785), IL-1β (r=0.400), and IL-10 (r=0.737) (all P=0.0001), but weakly and negatively with age (r=-0.219, P=0.028). ROC analysis showed perfect differentiation (AUC=1.0, 100% sensitivity/specificity) at IgG cutoff >1.0. A mutation in IL-1β (SNP rs1143629) was identified, with the wild-type CC altered to CT/TT.

Conclusion: We detected direct correlations between P. vivax IgG antibody level and INF-α, IL-1β & IL-10 levels. These correlations were statistically highly significant (P=0.0001,0.0001, 0.0001). Also, a mutation occurred to IL-1ß gene in SNPs rs1143629 of the wild CC which was change to TT and CT respectively.

Keywords

Epidemics; IL-1B; IL-10; IFNα; Malaria; Mosquitoes; Plasmodium vivax.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/23.4.2001