ERYTHROCYTOSIS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS: A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE IN IRAQ

Dleir Yasin Taha; Najmaddin Salih Hussein Khoshnaw; Hisham Alrawi Getta; Aveen Mohammad Abdulqadir; Rafl M. Kamil

doi:10.46903/gjms/23.4.Suppl.2017

ERYTHROCYTOSIS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS: A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE IN IRAQ

Dleir Yasin Taha, Najmaddin Salih Hussein Khoshnaw, Hisham Alrawi Getta, Aveen Mohammad Abdulqadir, Rafl M. Kamil

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a serious and common chronic disorder. Appreciating risk factors for developing T2DM will improve screening, early detection, and treatment in high-risk individuals. Insulin-like growth factor-1, associated with insulin resistance, has been observed to stimulate erythropoiesis, increasing hematocrit levels. In this study, we aimed to determine whether disorders in glucose metabolism could be related to high RBC count levels and, hence, may be an independent risk factor for T2DM.

Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, two hundred healthy male blood donors aged 17-65 with no history of T2DM were recruited. The hematological parameters such as RBC, Hb, Hct, and other RBC parameters were measured. HbA1c and fasting blood sugar were also measured.

Results: The HbA1c was normal in most cases (84.5%). In comparison, 31 donors (15.5%) had high HbA1c. RBC count was also normal in 121 (60.5%) of the donors, while 79 donors (39.5%) had a high RBC count. We noticed that 25 (31.6%) of the 79 donors with high RBC counts also reported having a high HbA1c level, with a (p < 0.002).

Conclusion: There was a statistically significant correlation between the HbA1c level and the RBC count. Therefore, a high RBC count may be a risk factor for T2DM on its own.

Keywords

Hematocrit; Insulin Resistance; Polycythaemia; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Luo X, Sun J, Pan H, Zhou D, Huang P, Tang J, et al. Establishment and health management application of a prediction model for high-risk complication combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on data mining. PLoS One. 2023;18(8):e0289749. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289749

Lynch P. Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus-medical independent. 2022. Available from: https://www.medicalindependent.ie

Nanda M, Sharma R, Mubarik S, Aashima A, Zhang K. Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): spatial-temporal patterns of incidence, mortality and attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019 among 21 world regions. Endocrine. 2022;77(3):444–54. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-022-03062-7

El-Kebbi IM, Bidikian NH, Hneiny L, Nasrallah MP. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa: Challenges and call for action. World J Diabetes. 2021;12(9):1401. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v12.i9.1401

Laakso M, Fernandes Silva L. Genetics of type 2 diabetes: past, present, and future. Nutrients. 2022;14(15):3201. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153201

Pillon NJ, Loos RJ, Marshall SM, Zierath JR. Metabolic consequences of obesity and type 2 diabetes: Balancing genes and environment for personalized care. Cell. 2021;184(6):1530–44. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.011

Wang T, Li M, Zeng T, Hu R, Xu Y, Xu M, et al. Association between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease risk varies according to glucose tolerance status: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(8):1863–72. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-2298

Kosmas CE, Bousvarou MD, Kostara CE, Papakonstantinou EJ, Salamou E, Guzman E. Insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. J Int Med Res. 2023;51(3):03000605231164548. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/03000605231164548

Mohammed SN, Jassim WE, Mohammed NA. To investigate the associations of dyslipidemia and BMI, as risk factors leading to insulin resistance and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Baqubah City. J Techniques. 2022;4(3):27–33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7021234

King A, Graham CA-M, Glaister M, Da Silva Anastacio V, Pilic L, Mavrommatis Y. The efficacy of genotype-based dietary or physical activity advice in changing behavior to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes mellitus or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev. 2023;81(10):1235–53. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae021

Alam S, Hasan MK, Neaz S, Hussain N, Hossain MF, Rahman T. Diabetes Mellitus: insights from epidemiology, biochemistry, risk factors, diagnosis, complications and comprehensive management. Diabetology. 2021;2(2):36–50. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology2020005

Randolph JF, Peterson ME, Behling-Kelly E. Erythrocytosis. Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 2022:209–14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119500533.ch17

Tefferi A, Vannucchi AM, Barbui T. Polycythemia vera: historical oversights, diagnostic details, and therapeutic views. Leukemia. 2021;35(12):3339–51. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41375-021-01295-6

García-Arnés J, García-Casares N. Doping and sports endocrinology: growth hormone, IGF-1, insulin, and erythropoietin. Rev Clin Esp (Engl Ed). 2023;223(3):181–7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rceng.2022.07.004

Rafaqat S, Rafaqat S. Role of hematological parameters in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus: a review of the literature. World J Hematol. 2023;10(3):25–41. Available from: https://doi.org/10.53148/wjh.v10.i3.25

Arkew M, Asmerom H, Tesfa T, Tsegaye S, Gemechu K, Bete T, et al. Red blood cell parameters and their correlation with glycemic control among type 2 diabetic adult patients in Eastern Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2022:3499–507. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S379289

Saydaliyev R. Relationship between insulin resistance and hematological parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome. Int J Med Sci Clin Res. 2025;5(03):16–20. Available from: https://ijmscr.org/index.php/ijmscr/article/view/107

Cardoso CR, Leite NC, Salles GF. Importance of hematological parameters for micro-and macrovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20(1):133. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-021-01313-0

Tomanek RJ. The coronary capillary bed and its role in blood flow and oxygen delivery: A review. Anat Rec. 2022;305(11):3199–211. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.24903

Sun J, Han K, Xu M, Li L, Qian J, Li L, et al. Blood viscosity in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus: roles of hyperglycemia and elevated plasma fibrinogen. Front Physiol. 2022;13:827428. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.827428

Nah EH, Cho S, Park H, Kim S, Cho HI. Associations of complete blood count parameters with pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin resistance in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Lab Anal. 2022;36(6):e24454. Available from: [https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.24454]

Abbas AB, Hazeb A, Al-Badani R, Al-Thmary B, Mokaram R, Al-Najjar S, et al. A case–control study to evaluate hematological indices in blood of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals in Ibb City, Yemen. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):16730. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-43977-8

Cho YI, Mooney MP, Cho DJ. Hemorheological disorders in diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2008;2(6):1130–8. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/193229680800200622

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/23.4.Suppl.2017