ASSOCIATION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE WITH PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETICS

Muhammad Sami; Dr Sana

doi:10.46903/gjms/23.4.Suppl.2113

ASSOCIATION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE WITH PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETICS

Muhammad Sami, Dr Sana

Abstract

Background: Diabetes is an emerging disease worldwide, leading to many complications. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) being most prevalent condition present in diabetics. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in uncontrolled diabetes is one of major comorbidity. This research investigated association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) among patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study included 151 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients presented to Endocrinology department of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from August 2024 to February 2025. For NAFLD evaluation hepatic ultrasound provided the classification and fundus photography served to detect diabetic retinopathy. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test by keeping p value < 0.05 significant.

Results: Out of 151 individuals, NAFLD occurred in 55.6% of patients among which 22% had mild NAFLD, 18% presented with moderate NAFLD and 15.8% had severe NAFLD. 48.3% had diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. Patients with NAFLD had a PDR rate of 25.0% whereas those without NAFLD demonstrated 10.4%. Results of a chi-square analysis indicated NAFLD and PDR share a strong connection (χ² = 4.67, p = 0.03045).

Conclusion: This research indicates that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease boosts PDR occurrence among individuals diagnosed with T2DM. NAFLD screenings during routine check-ups can help health providers identify individuals at risk for retinopathy therefore enabling prompt action to enhance diabetic patient care.

Keywords

Alcohol; Complications; Diabetes mellitus; Fatty liver; Fibrosis; Fundus; Retinopathy.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.46903/gjms/23.4.Suppl.2113