Relationship of Glycemic control with Prevalence of Microalbuminuria in Diabetic Patients

Abstract

Background: Microalbuminuria is a renal marker of generalized vascular endothelial damage and early atherosclerosis. Patients with microalbuminuria are at increased risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus like myocardial infarction, stroke and nephropathy. Poor glycemic control increases the risk of microalbuminuria. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes and compare the frequency of microalbuminuria in poor and good glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.

Material & Methods: One Hundred and twenty-two type 2 diabetic patients were included in the study. Data on age, gender, duration of diabetes, microalbuminuria and HbA1c were recorded. Urine and blood samples were collected and analyzed for microalbuminuria, blood glucose and HbA1c. All patients of both genders with type 2 diabetes for over 2 years were selected in this study. Patients with other causes of proteinuria were excluded.

Results: Out of 122 cases 58(47.5%) were male and 64(52.5%) were female. Average age of patients was 46.87 years and average duration of diabetes was 7.16 years. Over all prevalence of microalbuminuria was 29.5%. Patients with poor glycemic control and good glycemic control have frequency of microalbuminuria of 35.9% and 10% respectively.

Conclusion: Uncontrolled diabetes is strongly associated with prevalence of microalbuminuria. Screening for microalbuminuria and HbA1c test should be done both in newly and already diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients as an early marker of renal dysfunction and glycemic control.